What Carbon Monoxide Detectors Will & Won’t Do

A carbon monoxide (CO) detector is a safety device designed to detect the presence of carbon monoxide gas in the air. Carbon monoxide is a colorless, odorless, and tasteless gas produced by burning fuels such as gas, wood, coal, or oil. It can be extremely dangerous or even fatal if inhaled in high concentrations because it interferes with the body’s ability to transport oxygen in the blood.

How Carbon Monoxide Detectors Work

CO detectors monitor the air for the presence of carbon monoxide. When they detect levels above a certain threshold, they emit an alarm to warn occupants of potential danger. There are several types of CO detectors, including:

1. Biometric Sensors: Use a gel that changes color when exposed to CO, triggering the alarm.
2. Metal Oxide Semiconductors: Use sensors that change electrical resistance when they come into contact with carbon monoxide.
3. Electrochemical Sensors: Contain a chemical solution that reacts with CO, causing an electrical current change that sets off the alarm.

Limitations of Carbon Monoxide Detectors

Despite their crucial role in home safety, carbon monoxide detectors have some limitations:

1. Detection Range: CO detectors are designed to detect a range of carbon monoxide concentrations. However, they might not respond to very low levels of CO, which can still be harmful over extended periods.
2. Lifespan: CO detectors have a limited lifespan, typically around 5-7 years, after which they need to be replaced. Over time, their sensors can degrade and become less effective.
3. Placement Sensitivity: The effectiveness of a CO detector depends on its placement. Detectors should be installed near sleeping areas and on every level of the home. Incorrect placement, such as near appliances or in direct sunlight, can result in false alarms or failure to detect CO.
4. Battery Dependence: Many CO detectors rely on batteries. If the batteries are low or dead, the detector won’t function. Some models are hard-wired with battery backup, but these batteries also need to be checked and replaced regularly.
5. Non-Detection of Other Gases: CO detectors specialize in detecting carbon monoxide and won’t detect other potentially dangerous gases, such as natural gas leaks.
6. Delayed Detection: In the event of a slow CO leak, it might take time for the detector to sense and alarm, especially if the leak is small or far from the detector.

For these reasons, installing CO detectors properly, testing them regularly, and being aware of their limitations is essential. Additionally, maintaining heating and cooking appliances and ensuring adequate ventilation can help prevent CO buildup in the home.